Conical surfaces are often encountered in lathe CNC precision machining

Conical surfaces are often encountered in lathe CNC precision machining. In machine tools and tools, conical surfaces are widely used.

The main methods for turning conical surfaces on lathes are as follows:

1. Rotating slide plate method

Turning cones with shorter length and larger taper When the body or conical hole is used, the method of turning the small slide plate can be used. This method is easy to operate, and can guarantee a certain turning accuracy. It is suitable for single-piece or small batch production, and is a widely used turning method.

2. Offset tailstock method

For the conical workpiece with long length and small taper, the workpiece can be clamped between the two points, and the offset tailstock can be used. method of turning. The turning method can turn the conical surface with motorized feed, and the labor intensity is small, and the surface roughness value of the turned cone is small. However, due to the limitation of the offset of the tailstock, the workpiece with a large taper cannot be turned.

3. Wide-blade turning method

When turning the conical surface 3 of the bevel gear blank, it can also be directly turned with a wide-blade knife. When turning CNC precision machining, lock the saddle. When starting the machining of precision parts, the feed speed of the middle slide is slightly faster, and gradually slows down with the increase of the contact surface of the cutting edge. When the car reaches the size, the car should stop for a while. Decrease the surface roughness value of the cone.

4. Die-turning

For tapers with long lengths and high precision requirements, die-turning is commonly used on one side. The profiling device can make the car to perform lateral feed while longitudinal feed, so that the moving trajectory of the car to be parallel to the conical prime line of the processed part.

5. Reaming tapered holes

When machining tapered holes with small diameters, it is difficult to achieve high precision and small surface roughness due to the poor strength of turning to the tool bar degree value, then you can use a tapered reamer for reaming. The precision of the tapered hole processed by the reaming method is higher than that of the turning process, and the surface roughness value can reach Ra1.6um.

In the process of CNC precision machining, the entire process system is often affected by cutting heat, friction heat and external radiant heat, and complex deformations often occur, resulting in the original adjustment. The relative position, movement and transmission accuracy between the workpiece and the cutting edge. The deformation phenomenon of the process system caused by this reason is called the proof of industrial practice. The main factors affecting the thermal deformation of the process system are the thermal deformation of the machine tool, the tool and the process system.

The main factors affecting the thermal deformation of machine tools are the heat generated by the energy loss conversion of motors, electrical appliances and mechanical power sources; frictional heat generated during the movement of transmission parts and moving parts; cutting heat falling on the machine tool Transferred chips or cutting fluid; radiant heat from the outside world. CNC Precision Machining This heat more or less deforms the bed, table, spindle and other parts. In order to reduce the influence of the thermal deformation of the machine tool on the machining accuracy, the structural design of the large parts of the machine tool usually adopts a symmetrical structure or adopts an active control method to balance the temperature of the machine tool. Critical areas reduce bending or deformation due to heating. In the structural connection design, the layout should be such that the thermal deformation direction of the key components has less influence on the machining accuracy. In order to reduce the influence of the thermal deformation of the machine tool on the machining accuracy when machining precision parts, the structural design of large machine tools usually adopts a symmetrical structure or an active control method to balance the temperature of key parts to reduce the influence on the machining accuracy. Bending or deformation caused by heating during processing; when designing structural connections, the direction of thermal deformation of key parts should have little effect on processing accuracy.

In order to reduce the influence of thermal deformation on machining accuracy, the method of cooling the cutting area with cutting fluid is often used in the machining of precision parts; Reduce the heat introduced into the workpiece; for large or long workpieces, the end should be free to expand and contract under the clamping state.

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