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What are the analysis of CNC turning process
by：Yifeng Metal
2022-02-27
The analysis of the machining process of the high-precision machining axis is the preparation process of CNC turning. Whether the process is reasonable has an important influence on the programming of the program, the machining efficiency of the machine tool and the machining accuracy of the parts. In order to compile a reasonable and practical machining program, the programmer must not only understand the working principle, performance characteristics and structure of the CNC lathe, master the programming language and programming format, but also master the machining technology of the workpiece and determine a reasonable cutting plan. Correct selection of tool and workpiece clamping method. So,
1. Analysis of part diagram for turning machining
Analysis of part diagram is the primary task of formulating CNC turning technology. Mainly carry out size method analysis, shape geometric element analysis, precision analysis and technical requirement analysis. In addition, the rationality and processing requirements of the part structure should be analyzed, and the process benchmark should be selected.
2. Selection of fixtures and tools
(1) Positioning of workpiece clamping for turning machining
In CNC turning, all or most of the machined surface should be machined after one clamping as much as possible, and the number of clampings should be reduced as much as possible to improve machining efficiency and ensure machining precision. For shaft parts, the outer cylindrical surface of the part is usually used as the positioning reference; for sleeve parts, the inner hole is used as the positioning reference. In addition to the universal three-jaw automatic centering chuck, four-jaw chuck, hydraulic, electric and pneumatic clamps, CNC lathe clamps also have a variety of special clamps with good versatility. It should be selected reasonably in practice. The content of metal processing WeChat is good and worthy of attention.
(2) Tool selection
In addition to tool life, tool life is also closely related to tool diameter. The larger the tool diameter, the greater the amount of cutting it can withstand. Therefore, as long as the part shape allows, using the largest possible tool diameter is an effective measure to extend tool life and increase productivity. The tools commonly used in CNC turning are generally divided into three categories, namely sharp turning tools, arc turning tools and forming turning tools.
3. Selection of cutting amount in turning
The cutting amount of CNC turning includes retraction feed amount ap, spindle speed S (or cutting speed υ) and feed rate F (or feed amount f).
When machining parts on CNC lathes, there are two principles of common process division.
①Maintain the principle of accuracy. This process usually requires as much concentration as possible. Roughing and finishing are usually done in one group. In order to reduce the influence of thermal deformation and cutting force deformation on workpiece shape, position accuracy, dimensional accuracy and surface roughness, roughing and finishing should be carried out separately.
②The principle of improving production efficiency. In order to reduce the number of tool changes, save tool change time, and improve production efficiency, after the parts that need to be machined with the same tool are processed, another tool should be replaced to process other parts, and the idle travel should be minimized.
(2) Determining the machining sequence of turning
The formulating of the machining sequence generally follows the following principles:
① First thick and then thin. According to the order of rough turning and semi-finishing turning, the machining accuracy is gradually improved.
②Far first and then far. The parts close to the tool setting point are processed first, and the parts far away from the tool setting point are processed later, so as to shorten the moving distance of the tool and reduce the idle time. In addition, near-to-distal turning helps maintain the stiffness of the blank or semi-finished product, improving its cutting conditions.
③ Cross inside and outside. For parts with inner and outer surfaces, the inner and outer surfaces should be roughed first, and then the inner and outer surfaces should be finished.
④The base surface first. Priority should be given to surfaces used as precision datums. The more precise the positioning reference surface, the smaller the clamping error.
There are many issues that affect sheet metal manufacturing, which has led to the need of getting specialists trained in certain areas so as to handle all issues that may arise as well as custom metal parts products that can solve custom metal works problems.
Dongguan Yifeng Metal Co., Ltd. is a company that offers reliable products. For customization, sheet metal manufacturing and custom metal works in different styles are also in the offer list. Click Dongguan Yifeng Metal Co., Ltd. for more details.
On top of making sure all our day-to-day operations are running smoothly, Dongguan Yifeng Metal Co., Ltd. needs to ensure that we're keeping up with all the quality standards of custom metal parts.
The main contents of CNC turning process analysis include: analyzing the processing requirements and rationality of the parts according to the drawings; determining the clamping method of the workpiece on the CNC lathe; the processing sequence of each side, the feed route of the tool, the number of tools, the fixture , cutting options, etc.
1. Analysis of part diagram for turning machining
Analysis of part diagram is the primary task of formulating CNC turning technology. Mainly carry out size method analysis, shape geometric element analysis, precision analysis and technical requirement analysis. In addition, the rationality and processing requirements of the part structure should be analyzed, and the process benchmark should be selected.
2. Selection of fixtures and tools
(1) Positioning of workpiece clamping for turning machining
In CNC turning, all or most of the machined surface should be machined after one clamping as much as possible, and the number of clampings should be reduced as much as possible to improve machining efficiency and ensure machining precision. For shaft parts, the outer cylindrical surface of the part is usually used as the positioning reference; for sleeve parts, the inner hole is used as the positioning reference. In addition to the universal three-jaw automatic centering chuck, four-jaw chuck, hydraulic, electric and pneumatic clamps, CNC lathe clamps also have a variety of special clamps with good versatility. It should be selected reasonably in practice. The content of metal processing WeChat is good and worthy of attention.
(2) Tool selection
In addition to tool life, tool life is also closely related to tool diameter. The larger the tool diameter, the greater the amount of cutting it can withstand. Therefore, as long as the part shape allows, using the largest possible tool diameter is an effective measure to extend tool life and increase productivity. The tools commonly used in CNC turning are generally divided into three categories, namely sharp turning tools, arc turning tools and forming turning tools.
3. Selection of cutting amount in turning
The cutting amount of CNC turning includes retraction feed amount ap, spindle speed S (or cutting speed υ) and feed rate F (or feed amount f).
The selection principle of cutting amount and the reasonable selection of cutting amount are very important to improve the machining quality of CNC lathes. When determining the cutting amount of a CNC lathe, it must be selected according to the requirements specified in the machine tool manual and the durability of the tool, or it can be determined by analogy based on actual experience.
4. Divide the process of turning processing and plan the processing sequence
(1) The principle of dividing the turning process
When machining parts on CNC lathes, there are two principles of common process division.
①Maintain the principle of accuracy. This process usually requires as much concentration as possible. Roughing and finishing are usually done in one group. In order to reduce the influence of thermal deformation and cutting force deformation on workpiece shape, position accuracy, dimensional accuracy and surface roughness, roughing and finishing should be carried out separately.
②The principle of improving production efficiency. In order to reduce the number of tool changes, save tool change time, and improve production efficiency, after the parts that need to be machined with the same tool are processed, another tool should be replaced to process other parts, and the idle travel should be minimized.
(2) Determining the machining sequence of turning
The formulating of the machining sequence generally follows the following principles:
① First thick and then thin. According to the order of rough turning and semi-finishing turning, the machining accuracy is gradually improved.
②Far first and then far. The parts close to the tool setting point are processed first, and the parts far away from the tool setting point are processed later, so as to shorten the moving distance of the tool and reduce the idle time. In addition, near-to-distal turning helps maintain the stiffness of the blank or semi-finished product, improving its cutting conditions.
③ Cross inside and outside. For parts with inner and outer surfaces, the inner and outer surfaces should be roughed first, and then the inner and outer surfaces should be finished.
④The base surface first. Priority should be given to surfaces used as precision datums. The more precise the positioning reference surface, the smaller the clamping error.
There are many issues that affect sheet metal manufacturing, which has led to the need of getting specialists trained in certain areas so as to handle all issues that may arise as well as custom metal parts products that can solve custom metal works problems.
Dongguan Yifeng Metal Co., Ltd. is a company that offers reliable products. For customization, sheet metal manufacturing and custom metal works in different styles are also in the offer list. Click Dongguan Yifeng Metal Co., Ltd. for more details.
On top of making sure all our day-to-day operations are running smoothly, Dongguan Yifeng Metal Co., Ltd. needs to ensure that we're keeping up with all the quality standards of custom metal parts.
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