Several Measuring Methods of Machining Accuracy of Mechanical Parts

The processing of different mechanical parts requires different precisions according to different application industries. Let's talk about the processing accuracy of mechanical parts and adopt different measurement techniques according to different processing parts and precision requirements. Generally speaking, there are the following types of techniques:

1. According to whether the measured parameters are simply measured, the measured parameters are divided into simple and indirect measurements;

Simple measurement: simply measured parameters, To get the measured size; for example, measure with a vernier caliper.

Indirect measurement: How many parameters are related to the measurement size, and the size is calculated.

Obviously, simple measurement is relatively intuitive, and indirect measurement is relatively cumbersome. Generally, when the measured part cannot meet the accuracy requirements with simple measurement, indirect measurement has to be adopted.

According to whether the reading value of the measuring instrument simply represents the value of the measured size, it can be divided into absolute measurement.

2. Whether the reading value of the inspection instrument is the value of the specification being measured immediately, it is divided into absolute measurement and relative measurement.

Absolute measurement: The read value simply represents the size to be measured, measured with the size of the tour tag.

Relative measurement: The reading only indicates the error between the measured size and the standard measurement. When the relative device measures the diameter of the shaft, it starts to use the zero-lag measurement of the block adjustment equipment. In the measured value, the diameter of the axis on the photographed side matches the difference between the size of the block, which is a relative measurement. Generally speaking, the relative measurement accuracy is relatively high, but the measurement is relatively troublesome.

3. According to whether the exact measurement surface is in contact with the exact measuring head of the inspection instrument, it is divided into contact precise measurement and non-contact measurement.

Contact measurement: Measurement in which the measuring head is in contact with the contact surface and has the benefit of mechanical equipment. Such as measuring parts with a micrometer.

Non-contact measurement: Since the measuring head does not touch the surface of the component to be measured, the non-contact measurement can prevent the risk of the measurement force on the measurement result. Such as the use of projection method, light wave interrogation method measurement and so on.

4. The main parameters of measurement are divided into single project measurement and general measurement.

Single measurement: each parameter of one side is measured independently.

Summary measure: measure the general index reflecting the parameters associated with the part. For example, when measuring the rib with a special microscope, the actual pitch diameter of the rib, the half-angle error of the tooth shape and the cumulative error of the pitch can be measured respectively.

The general measurement efficiency is relatively high, the exchangeability of guaranteed parts is more reliable, and it is often used for the inspection of finished parts; the exchangeability of guaranteed parts is more reliable, and it is often used for the inspection of finished parts. A single measurement can determine the error of each parameter, and is generally used for technical analysis, process inspection and measurement of specified parameters.

5. According to the measurement of parts in different process sections during processing, it can be divided into active measurement and forced measurement.

Active measurement: The workpiece is measured in the process of processing, and the result is simply used to grasp the processing process of the part, so as to prevent the occurrence of garbage in real time.

Forced to measure: The measurement of workpiece machining is outdated. This kind of measurement can only identify whether the processed part is qualified or not, and is limited to finding and rejecting garbage.

6. According to the state of the measured part in the measurement process, it is divided into static measurement and dynamic and static measurement.

Static data measurement: The measurement is relative static data. Such as a microcard to measure the diameter.

Dynamic and static measurement: During measurement, the surface to be measured and the measuring head make relative movement in the simulated working condition.

The dynamic and static measurement techniques can reflect the situation of the parts that are close to the application specifications, and are the orientation of accurate measurement of the technical development trend.

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