Selection basis of workpiece blanks during cnc machining

cnc processing Before formulating the machining process specification of the parts, it is also necessary to select the types of blanks before the parts are processed and their different manufacturing methods. Since the number of processes, material consumption, and processing labor of CNC machining parts are largely related to the selection of blanks, the correct selection of blanks has great technical and economic significance.

The common types of CNC workpiece blanks are: castings, forgings, shaped parts, welded parts, stamping parts, etc., and the same type of blanks may have different manufacturing methods. The selection of blanks should consider the size of the production scale, which largely determines the economy of a certain blank manufacturing method. If the production scale is large, the blank manufacturing method with high precision and high productivity can be adopted, so that although the one-time investment is higher, the cost evenly distributed to each blank is less. Moreover, since the production rate of the blank manufacturing method with higher precision is generally higher, it not only saves raw materials, but also can significantly reduce the amount of machining labor. Furthermore, the high precision of the blank can simplify the process and process equipment, and reduce the total cost of the product. In fact, the following points should be considered when choosing CNC workpiece blanks:

1. The structure, shape and size of the workpiece. For example, blanks with complex shapes and thin walls generally cannot be cast by metal molds; blanks with larger sizes often cannot be cast by die forging, die casting and precision casting. For another example, for some small parts with special shapes, due to the difficulty of machining, more precise blank manufacturing methods, such as die casting and investment casting, are often used to minimize the amount of machining.

2. Requirements for mechanical properties of parts. The same material uses different blank manufacturing methods, and its mechanical properties are often different. For example, the blanks cast by metal molds have higher strength than those casted with sand molds, and the blanks cast by centrifugal casting and pressure casting are stronger than those casted by metal molds. Parts with high strength requirements mostly use forgings, and sometimes ductile iron castings can also be used.

3. The possibility and economy should be considered from the existing equipment and technical level of the factory. The possibility of utilizing new processes, new technologies and new materials, such as precision casting, precision forging, cold rolling, cold extrusion, powder metallurgy and engineering plastics, should also be considered. After using these blank manufacturing methods, the amount of mechanical processing can be greatly reduced, and sometimes no mechanical processing can be performed, and the economic effect is very significant.

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