CNC Precision Machining: Behind the Scenes
Most of the manufacturing work done involves CNC precision machining of complex metal parts. The aerospace and defense industry is increasingly commoditized, and I find that our buyers and policy makers, while they know their needs, don't fully understand what we do. So I thought it might be worth taking some time to introduce you to machining. First, the definition:
The parts we machine are mainly made of alloys made of aluminum, titanium or steel. As a general form, these materials come in the form of strips or blanks. As near-final shapes, they come in the form of castings. While I'll talk more about castings in a future article, for now I just want to say that most of the parts we make are precision castings.
There are many ways one can remove metal to make a finished product. We 'cut' metal using computer-controlled (i.e. CNC) equipment broadly classified as 'machine tools'.
Two types of machine tools are commonly used for cutting work:
Milling centers usually rotate cutting tools by To cut metal, the cutting tool is fixed in a vertical or horizontal spindle with a tool holder against a fixed fixing material.
Turning centers are used to make round parts. The material is usually spun into cutting tools in a spindle rather than in a milling center.
While the machine tools themselves receive the most attention on the factory tour, the cutting tools used to remove metal are as important as the machine tools that drive them, if not more. for important. Cutting tools come in a variety of shapes and geometries, are made from different types of materials, and are often coated to extend tool life.
Due to the staggering number of tool options available, many manufacturing companies outsource the management of their cutting tools. At Evaero, we believe this is a core competency that has far-reaching implications for cost and quality, and is also important for outsourcing. Not only do we develop and manage our own tooling system, but we also employ in-house tooling experts to make these key decisions.
Machining, especially CNC precision machining, is a 'subtractive' manufacturing process that uses machine tools and cutting tools to produce finished parts from generic or near-net shape . One might think that the subtraction process is wasteful because all the metal is cut, however, we recycle most of the scrap metal to the largest metal recycler in NYC, and there is actually very little waste. With this distinction made, with the growing interest in 'additional' processes such as 3D printing, in future articles we will discuss how additional processes may affect the future of machining.
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