Several Measuring Methods of Machining Accuracy of Mechanical Parts

The processing of different mechanical parts requires different precisions according to different occupations. Let's talk about the machining accuracy of mechanical parts and choose different measurement methods according to different processing parts and precision requirements. Generally speaking, there are the following types of methods:

1. According to whether it is directly measured, the measured parameters are divided into direct and indirect measurement;

Direct measurement: directly measured parameters, To obtain a measure of the scale; for example, measure with a vernier caliper.

Indirect measurement: geometric parameters related to measurement scale, and calculation scale.

Obviously, direct measurement is more intuitive, and indirect measurement is more complicated. Generally, when the measured parts cannot meet the accuracy requirements with direct measurement, indirect measurement has to be used.

According to whether the reading value of the measuring instrument directly indicates the value of the measured scale, it can be divided into positive measurement.

2. Whether the reading value of the testing instrument immediately expresses the value of the measured specification, the dividends are definitely measured and relative measured.

Affirmative measurement: The reading value directly indicates the measured size, which is measured with the scale of the travel tag.

Relative measurement: The reading only indicates the error between the measured scale and the standard measurement. When the comparator measures the diameter of the shaft, it is first to use the block to adjust the zero of the device for measurement. The diameter of the axis on the photographed side in the measured value is equivalent to the difference in the size of the block, which is a relative measurement. Generally speaking, the relative measurement accuracy is higher, but the measurement is more troublesome.

3. According to whether the surface to be accurately measured is in contact with the accurate measurement head of the testing instrument, it is divided into accurate touch measurement and non-touch measurement.

Touch measurement: The measurement head touches the touch surface and has the function of mechanical equipment. Such as measuring parts with a micrometer.

Non-touch measurement: Because the measurement head does not touch the surface of the component under test, non-touch measurement can avoid the harm of the measurement force to the measurement results. Such as the use of projection method, light wave interferometry measurement and so on.

4. The main parameters of measurement are divided into single project measurement and general measurement.

Single measurement: Each parameter in the measurement part is fully measured independently.

Comprehensive measurement: The measurement reflects the general purpose of the relevant parameters of the component. For example, when measuring the thread with an instrument microscope, the actual pitch diameter of the thread, the half-angle error of the tooth shape and the cumulative error of the pitch can be measured separately.

The general power of general measurement is relatively high, which ensures the interchangeability of parts is more reliable, and is often used for the inspection of finished parts; it is more reliable to ensure the interchangeability of parts, and is often used for the inspection of finished parts. A single measurement can confirm the error of each parameter, which is generally used for technical analysis, process inspection and measurement of specified parameters.

5. According to the measurement of parts in different process sections during processing, automatic measurement and passive measurement can be divided.

Automatic measurement: The workpiece is measured in the process of processing, and the result is directly used to control the processing process of the part, and then prevent the generation of waste in time.

Passive measurement: measurement after the workpiece is processed. This kind of measurement can only judge whether the processed parts are qualified or not, and it is limited to find and remove waste products.

6. According to the state of the measured part in the measurement process, it is divided into static measurement and dynamic measurement.

Static data measurement: The measurement is relative to static data. Such as micro-card measurement of diameter.

Dynamic measurement: During measurement, the measured surface and the measurement head make relative movement in the simulated working condition.

The dynamic measurement method can reflect the condition of the parts close to the use standard, and it is the direction of measuring the technical development trend.

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